Advanced NLP Interview Questions, issue 24, Dec 29, 2025

The Confidence Calibration Trap

Senior AI Engineer interview at Anthropic, and the interviewer asks:

โ€œWeโ€™re bleeding money on inference. We want to build a ๐Œ๐จ๐๐ž๐ฅ ๐‚๐š๐ฌ๐œ๐š๐๐ž (๐…๐ซ๐ฎ๐ ๐š๐ฅ๐†๐๐“) system, route easy queries to Llama-7B, and only send the hard stuff to GPT-4. What is the actual engineering bottleneck that makes this unreliable in production?โ€

Donโ€™t say: โ€œThe latency overhead of calling multiple models.โ€

Why model cascades fail not on routing logic, but on overconfident cheap models that never escalate.

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