Advanced NLP Interview Questions, issue 24, Dec 29, 2025
The Confidence Calibration Trap
Senior AI Engineer interview at Anthropic, and the interviewer asks:
โWeโre bleeding money on inference. We want to build a ๐๐จ๐๐๐ฅ ๐๐๐ฌ๐๐๐๐ (๐ ๐ซ๐ฎ๐ ๐๐ฅ๐๐๐) system, route easy queries to Llama-7B, and only send the hard stuff to GPT-4. What is the actual engineering bottleneck that makes this unreliable in production?โ
Donโt say: โThe latency overhead of calling multiple models.โ
Why model cascades fail not on routing logic, but on overconfident cheap models that never escalate.
The full answer, with the mechanism and the arithmetic, is for paid subscribers on Substack.