Issue 9, Oct 23, 2026
The ReLU RNN Trap
Senior ML Engineer interview at Google, and the interviewer asks:
“To fix vanishing gradients, a junior engineer opens a PR that swaps tanh for ReLU in your RNN. Their argument: ReLU’s derivative isn’t squashed below 1. Do you approve it?”
Don’t say: “Yes. ReLU fixed vanishing gradients in deep CNNs, so it’ll fix them here too.”
Why swapping tanh for ReLU doesn't fix vanishing gradients and how it silently trades sequence decay for catastrophic forward-pass explosion.
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The full answer, with the mechanism and the arithmetic, is for paid subscribers on Substack.